Year 2013’s Lifetime Achievement Award in Anthropology was granted to Professor WU　Xinzhi, CAS academician, research professor at Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and　Paleoanthropology (IVPP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, for his great achievements in the field of paleoanthropology. Wu was born in Hefei, Anhui, on June 2, 1928. He was graduated from Shanghai　Number One Medical College in May, 1953, and from Advanced Class organized by Ministry of　Public Health at Dalian Medical College in September of 1953. From 1953 to 1957, he was teaching　assistant at Department of Anatomy, Dalian Medical College. From 1957 to 1961, he was master　student of CAS, and became assistant research professor of IVPP, CAS, and later associate research　professor, vice director, and research professor today. From 1990, he was elected as vice director of　Chinese Association of Anatomy, and later became the honored director. From 1982, he was　associate editor and later chief editor of Acta Anthropologica Sinica. In 1999, he became an　academician of CAS.

　　Over the past ninety odd years, Pleistocene human fossils have been found from more than 80　sites in China. In addition to the detailed studies for the morphology of human fossils found from　Dali, Upper Cave, and Xichuan, WU Xinzhi has made comprehensive studies on human fossils　found in China, and comparative studies between them and those found in other regions of the world.　Based on results of these investigations, Milford H. Wolpoff, Wu Xinzhi, and Alan G. Thorne jointly　proposed the Multiregional Evolution Hypothesis for the origin of modern humans in 1984. Wu　Xinzhi has also proposed the Continuity with Hybridization Hypothesis for the human evolution in　China in 1998. He has made further studies to enrich and defend these hypotheses. Wu’s research　kept the diversity of anthropological studies, and promoted the study of human origin among　arguments. Besides his research on human evolution, he has done pioneer works in the fields of　Morphology of Primates and Forensic Anthropology in China.

    Woo Jukang, Wu Xinzhi, Wang Cunyi(1959) New　reconstruction of physiognomy of Sinanthropus woman.　PalAsiatica,3(3): 165-166.

    Wu Xinzhi(1961) On the racial types of the Upper Cave Man of　Choukoudian. Scientia Sinica,10(8): 998-1005.

　　Wu Xinzhi(1981) A well preserved cranium of archaic type of　early Homo sapiens from Dali, China. Scientia Sinica,24(4):　530-543.

　　Wu Rukang, Wu Xinzhi(1982) Comparison of Tautavel Man　with Homo erectus and early Homo sapiens in China. In:　L’Homo Erectus et la Place de L’Homme de Tautavel Parmi les　Hominides Fossiles. 1er Congres International de Paleontologie　Humaine, Nice Prestige Vol.2.605-616. Nice: Louis-Jean.

　　Wu Rukang, Wu Xinzhi(1984) Hominid fossils from China and　their relation to those of neighboring regions. In: The Evolution　of the East Asian Environment (2). Whyte P. et al. eds. Hong　Kong: Centre of Asian Studies, University of Hong Kong.787-795.

　　Wolpoff MH, Wu XZ,Thorne AG(1984)Modern Homo sapiens　origins: a general theory of hominid evolution involving the　fossil evidence from East Asia. In: Smith F.H., and Spencer F.,　eds. The Origin of Modern Humans: A World Survey of the　Fossil Evidence. New York: Liss.411-483.

　　Wu Xinzhi, Wang Linghong(1985) Chronology in Chinese　Palaeoanthropology. In: Palaeoanthropology and Palaeolithic　Archaeology in the People’s Republic of China. Wu Rukang and　Olsen JW eds. Orlando:Academic Press, Inc.29-51.

　　Wu Xinzhi, Wu Maolin(1985) Early Homo sapiens in China. Ibid:91-106.

　　Wu Xinzhi, Zhang Zhenbiao(1985) Homo sapiens remains from Late Palaeolithic and Neolithic in China. Ibid:107-133.

　　Wu Xinzhi(1986) Upper Palaeolithic man in China and his relation with populations of neighboring areas. In: The　Pleistocene Perspective. Vol.1 Department of Archaeology,　University of Southampton ed. Southampton: Allen and Unwin.

　　Wu Xinzhi(1988) China report-Palaeoanthropology. In: Whyte P. et al. eds. The Palaeoenvironment of East Asia from Mid-Tertiary, Proceedings of the Second Conference. Vol.2.　Hong Kong University of Hong Kong.971-980.

　　Wu Xinzhi(1988) Human migration in East Asia and Australia　during the Late Pleistocene. In: Whyte P et al. eds. The　Palaeoenvironment of East Asia from Mid-Tertiary, Proceedings　of the Second Conference. Vol.2. Hong Kong: University of　Hong Kong.1069-1075.

　　Wu Xinzhi(1991) Human evolution and dispersal in East Asia.　In: Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology　ed. Contributions to the XIII INQUA. Beijing: Beijing　Publishing House of Science,15-20.

　 Wu Xinzhi(1991) Fossil humankind of China. In: Quarternary Geology and Environment in China. Liu TS ed. Beijing: Science　Press.129-135.

　　Wu Xinzhi(1991) Continuité évolutive des hommes fossiles　Chinois. In: Hublin J.J. et Tillier M.A. eds. Aux Origins d’Homo　sapiens. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.157-159.

    Wu Xinzhi(1992) Origins and affinities of the stone age　inhabitants of Japan. In: Japanese As a Member of the Asian and　Pacific Populations, International Symposium 4. Kyoto:　International Research Center for Japanese Studies.1-8.

　　Wu Xinzhi(1992) Origin of Homo sapiens in China. In: Korea　Anthropology Institute et al. eds. Korea-China Quarternary　Prehistory Symposium. Seoul.106-111.

　　Wu Xinzhi(1992) The origin and dispersal of anatomically　modern humans in East Asia and Southeast Asia. In: The　Evolution and Dispersal of Modern Humans in Asia. Akazawa T.,　Aoki K. and Kimura T. eds. Tokyo: Kokusen-sha.373-378.

　　Wu Xinzhi, Br.uer G(1993) Morphological comparison of　archaic Homo sapiens crania from China and Africa. Zeitschrift　für Morphologie und Anthropologie,79(3): 241-259.

　　Wu Xinzhi(1994) New advances on the origin of anatomically　modern humans in East Asia. In: Abstracts, XIV Federative　International Congress of Anatomy (Lisbon). Department of　Anatomy and of Histology and Embryology, New University of　Lisbon, Faculty of Medical Sciences.211

　　Wu Xinzhi(1994) Pleistocene peoples of China and the　peopling of the Americans In: Bonnichsen R. and Steele D.C.　eds. Methods and Theory for Investigating the Peopling of the　Americans. Oregon: Center for the Study of the First Americans,　Oregon State University, Corvallis.73-78.

　　Wu Xinzhi(1995) The continuity of human evolution in East　Asia. In: Brenner S. and Hanihara K. eds. The Origin and Past of　Modern Humans As Viewed from DNA. Singapore: World　Scientific Publishing Co,267-282.

　　Wu Xinzhi(1995) Morphological comparison between human　skulls of middle Pleistocene from China and Europe. In:　Bermudez et al. eds. Evolucion Humana En Europay Los　Yacimientos De La Sierra De Atapuerca. Vol.1. Junta de Castilay　Leon Consejeria de Culturay Turismo.243-248.

　　Wu Xinzhi, Poirier FE(1995)Human Evolution in China A　Morphometric Description of Fossils and a Review of Sites.　New York: Oxford University Press,1-317.

　　Wu Xinzhi(1996) The mosaic evolution of humankind in China.　In: Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association 15,　Indo-Pacific Prehistory, The Chiang Mai Papers Vol.2. Glover　I.C. and Bellwood P. eds.225-228.

　　Wu Rukang, Wu Xinzhi(1996) China, Hominid An Up-date.　Orban R and Roels D. eds. Bruxelle: Lab. Anthropology and　Human Genetics, Universite Libre Bruxelles.1-105.

　　Wu Xinzhi(1997) On the descent of modern humans in East　Asia. In: Conceptual Issues in Modern Human Origin Research.　　Clarke G.A. and Willermet C.M. eds. New York: Aldine de　Gruyter.283-293.

　　Wu Rukang, Wu Xinzhi(1997) China. In: History of Physical　Anthropology An Encyclopedia. Vol.1 Spencer F. ed. New York:　Garland Publishing, Inc.273-282.

　　Grün R, Huang PH, Wu X, Stringer CB, Thorne AG,　McCulloch M(1998) ESR analysis of teeth from　paleoanthropological site of Zhoukoudian, China. Journal of　Human Evolution.32(1): 83-91.

　　Wu Xinzhi(1999) Investigating the possible use of fire at　Zhoukoudian, China. Science,283: 299.

　　Wu Xinzhi(2002) Longgupo mandible belongs to ape. Acta　Anthropologica Sinica 21(Supplement):19-24.

　　Wu Xinzhi(2004) On the origin of modern humans in China.　Quaternary International,117: 131-140.

　　Wu Xinzhi(2004) Fossil humankind and other anthropoid　Primates of China. International Journal of Primatology,25(5):　1093-2004

　　Wu Xinzhi(2005) The role played by archaeology in the construction of China. Centre for Archaeological Research　Malaysia, Malaysia Science University.

　　Wu Xinzhi(2005) Palaeoanthropological and molecular studies　on the origin of modern humans. Transactions of the Royal　Society of South Africa.60(2): 115-119.

　　Wu Xinzhi, Cui Yaming(2010) On the origin of modern　humans in China. Before Farming(online), 2010(4) article,6:　1-6.

　　Liu W, Jin CZ, Zhang YQ, Cai YJ, Xing S, Wu XJ, Cheng H,　Edwards RL, Pan WS, Qin DG, An ZS, Trinkaus E, Wu　XZ(2010) Human remains from Zhirendong, South China, and　modern human emergence in East Asia. Proceedings of the　National Academy of Sciences,107(45): 19201-19206.

　　Zhao LingXia, Zhang LiZhao, Zhang FuSong, Wu　XinZhi(2011) Enamel carbon isotope evidence of diet and habit　of Gigantopithecus blacki and associated mammalian　megafauna in the Early Pleistocene of South China. Chinese　Science Bulletin,56(33): 3590-3595.

　　Wu Xinzhi (2012)Human evolution in China Viewed from　multidisciplinary records. In Peter Nas, Hao Shiyuan and Zhang　Xiaomin eds. Keynotes in Anthropology. 13-21.

    Wu Xinzhi, Athreya Sheela(2013) A Description of the　Geological Context, Discrete Traits, and Linear Morphometrics of the Middle Pleistocene Hominin from Dali, Shaanxi Province,　China. American Journal of Physical Anthropology,150:141–157.

　　Rosenberg KR, Wu Xinzhi(2013) A River Runs through It:　Modern Human Origins in East Asia. The Origins of Modern　Humans: Biology Reconsidered, Chapter 3, Edited by Fred H.　Smith and James C. M. Ahern.89-122.

　　Maohua Zhong, Congling Shi, Xing Gao, Xinzhi Wu, Fuyou Chen, Shuangquan Zhang, Xingkai Zhang, John W. Olsen(2014). On the possible use of fire by Homo erectus at Zhoukoudian, China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2014, 59(3): 335-343. 

　　Yaming Cui, Xinzhi Wu(2015). A geometric, morphometric study of a Middle Pleistocene cranium from Hexian, China. Journal of Human Evolution, 88: 54-69.